Republic of Botswana vs Republic of Kazakhstan
A neutral side-by-side of immigration systems, routes and regulators. Each row links to the underlying visa page with its primary government source.
Last reviewed:
Republic of Botswana
Botswana administers immigration through the Department of Immigration and Citizenship, with applications via the gov.bw portal. Headline routes include employer work permits, investor and entrepreneur work permits, residence permits for immigrants, dependants and spouses of citizens, and a discretionary permanent-residence route. A citizenship-by-investment framework and dual citizenship are in development for 2025-26 but are not yet in force.
- Official portal
- Department of Immigration and Citizenship (Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs, Botswana)
- Languages
- English, Setswana
- Currency
- Botswana pula
Republic of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan administers migration through the Migration Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, with services on the eGov.kz portal and IT routes via Astana Hub. It is one of the more open Central Asian options, offering two remote-worker routes - the Neo Nomad Visa and an IT-focused Digital Nomad Residency - alongside employer work permits, temporary residence and a permanent-residence permit.
- Official portal
- Migration Service, Ministry of Internal Affairs (Kazakhstan)
- Languages
- Kazakh, Russian
- Currency
- Kazakhstani tenge
How Republic of Botswana and Republic of Kazakhstan differ
| Dimension | Republic of Botswana | Republic of Kazakhstan |
|---|---|---|
| Total routes covered | 6 | 7 |
| Routes without employer sponsor | 3 | 3 |
| Routes leading to permanent residence | 2 | 4 |
| Typical full settlement timeline | — | — |
| Dominant skilled visa | Work Permit | Work Permit and Residence (employer-sponsored) |
| Skilled visa salary minimum | — | — |
| Skilled visa processing time | — | — |
| Skilled visa government fees | — | — |
| Official languages | English, Setswana | Kazakh, Russian |
| Currency | Botswana pula | Kazakhstani tenge |
| Primary regulator | LSB | MoJ |
| Policy changes (last 12 months) | 0 | 0 |
Skilled-route head-to-head
Comparing each country’s most-used skilled-migration route side by side.
Routes unique to Republic of Botswana
Routes unique to Republic of Kazakhstan
Visa routes side by side
Republic of Botswana (6)
Work Permit
Sponsor · Non-settlement · Issued for a fixed period tied to the employment and renewable; confirm current validity on the official page.
Investor Work Permit
No sponsor · Non-settlement · Issued for a fixed period tied to the investment and renewable; confirm current validity on the official page.
Residence Permit
No sponsor · Non-settlement · A renewable permit issued for a set period that depends on the category; confirm current validity on the official page.
Residence Permit - Spouse of a Botswana Citizen
Sponsor · To settlement · A renewable residence permit tied to the marriage that can support longer-term settlement; confirm current validity on the official page.
Residence Permit - Dependants
Sponsor · Non-settlement · A renewable residence permit tied to the dependency and the sponsor's status; confirm current validity on the official page.
Permanent Residence
No sponsor · To settlement · Durable, long-term residence beyond the renewable permits, granted at the authorities' discretion; confirm the current validity and qualifying period on the official page.
Republic of Kazakhstan (7)
Work Permit and Residence (employer-sponsored)
Sponsor · To settlement · Work permits are tied to your employment and renewed while you keep the job; the residence permit is issued for a defined period and renewed alongside it.
Neo Nomad Visa (B12-1)
No sponsor · Non-settlement · Issued for up to around a year with the possibility of in-country extension; it is a stay route, not a settlement route.
Digital Nomad Residency (IT specialists, via Astana Hub)
Sponsor · To settlement · Designed as a long-horizon route for IT talent that can lead to a permanent residence permit; confirm the current validity terms on the official page.
Temporary Residence Permit
No sponsor · Non-settlement · Issued for a defined period linked to your purpose of stay and renewable while that purpose continues.
Permanent Residence Permit
Sponsor · To settlement · Confirms permanent residence; the physical permit is issued with a validity period and renewed while you keep your status.
Study Residence (foreign students)
No sponsor · Non-settlement · Linked to the length of your course and renewable while you remain enrolled.
Family Residence (reunification)
Sponsor · To settlement · Issued for a defined period and renewable while the family relationship and basis continue; can lead towards permanent residence over time.
Frequently asked questions
Which country has an easier skilled-migration route, Republic of Botswana or Republic of Kazakhstan?+
Republic of Botswana’s Work Permit is the dominant skilled route; Republic of Kazakhstan’s Work Permit and Residence (employer-sponsored) is the dominant skilled route. “Easier” depends on your salary, sponsor situation, and nationality — see each visa’s eligibility detail.