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© 2026 Visa AtlasReviewed continuously. Last sweep: 23 July 2026
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  4. Spouse of US Citizen or Green Card Holder (IR1/CR1 & F2A)

🇺🇸 United States of America · family · Leads to settlement

Spouse of US Citizen or Green Card Holder (IR1/CR1 & F2A)

By Sam Parks · Last reviewed: 8 July 2026

Source check: all 8 official citations reconfirmed 11 July 2026

Permanent residence for the spouse of a US citizen (IR1/CR1) or lawful permanent resident (F2A preference).

Requires sponsorshipLeads to permanent residencyPermanent residence (conditional 2-year CR1 converts to 10-year card via I-751).
Processing time
IR1/CR1: consular processing roughly 12–18 months. Adjustment of status inside US: 8–15 months.
Government fees
I-130 USD 675 (paper) / USD 625 (online); DS-260 USD 325 (consular); I-485 USD 1,440 (adjustment); I-751 USD 750.
Typical duration
Permanent residence (conditional 2-year CR1 converts to 10-year card via I-751).
Sponsorship required
Yes
Leads to permanent residency
Yes
Reviewed 8 July 2026U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services ↗

In short

As of 8 July 2026, the Spouse of US Citizen or Green Card Holder (IR1/CR1 & F2A) for United States of America has typical processing of 7 months – 2.5 years. Sources: official United States of America government pages, reviewed 8 July 2026.

Cite this: https://visaatlas.org/visas/us/spousal-green-card#answer

What is the Spouse of US Citizen or Green Card Holder (IR1/CR1 & F2A) in United States of America?

Spouse of US Citizen or Green Card Holder (IR1/CR1 & F2A) is a sponsor-led United States route. Indicative government fees are I-130 USD 675 (paper) / USD 625 (online); DS-260 USD 325 (consular); I-485 USD 1,440 (adjustment); I-751 USD 750; indicative processing time is IR1/CR1: consular processing roughly 12–18 months. Adjustment of status inside US: 8–15 months; typical duration is Permanent residence (conditional 2-year CR1 converts to 10-year card via I-751). This route can lead to permanent residence.

Verified against U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services on 1 June 2026.

OverviewEligibilityPathwayApplyFAQ

Overview

US citizens may sponsor spouses as immediate relatives (IR1 for marriages over 2 years, CR1 for newer marriages with conditional residence). Lawful permanent residents sponsor spouses in the F2A preference category, which is subject to annual numerical limits but has generally remained current in recent years. All categories require a bona fide marriage and a financial sponsor meeting the I-864 support threshold.

ℹ️ Who can apply?

You need an approved sponsor in United States of America before applying. This route can lead to permanent residence. Open to applicants from all countries (see nationality-specific notes below for details relevant to your country).

Guidance by nationality

Specific information for applicants from these countries. Don’t see yours? The general eligibility criteria above apply to everyone.

  • 🇮🇳 Indian applicants

    Indian spouses are one of the largest IR1/CR1 cohorts. Indian marriage certificates from civil registrars (not religious…

  • 🇨🇳 Chinese applicants

    Chinese spousal applicants process at the US Consulate General in Guangzhou, which handles all immigrant visas for China…

  • 🇷🇺 Russian applicants

    Russian spousal applicants face significant routing changes since 2022 — the US Embassy in Moscow has suspended immigran…

  • 🇺🇦 Ukrainian applicants

    Ukrainian spouses already in the US under Uniting for Ukraine humanitarian parole can typically file I-485 (adjustment o…

Eligibility

Typical criteria

  • ✓Valid marriage recognised in the jurisdiction where it took place and for US immigration purposes.U.S. Department of State ↗
  • ✓Petitioner is a US citizen or lawful permanent resident.U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs ↗
  • ✓Sponsor meets the I-864 income threshold (125% of Federal Poverty Guidelines).U.S. Department of State ↗

Common blockers

  • !Insufficient evidence of a bona fide marriage (commingled finances, joint leases, etc.).U.S. Government Publishing Office (Code of Federal Regulations, DHS/USCIS regulation) ↗
  • !Sponsor income below threshold without a qualifying joint sponsor.U.S. Department of State ↗

Typical evidence

  • ·Marriage certificate and divorce/death certificates for any prior marriages.U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs ↗
  • ·Evidence of shared life (leases, finances, photos, correspondence).U.S. Government Publishing Office (Code of Federal Regulations, DHS/USCIS regulation) ↗
  • ·Form I-864 Affidavit of Support with tax returns.U.S. Department of State ↗

Application pathway

  1. 01

    File I-130 petition

    US citizen or LPR files Form I-130 establishing the qualifying relationship.

  2. 02

    Adjust status or consular process

    Spouses inside the US file I-485; spouses abroad process via NVC and consulate.

  3. 03

    Attend interview

    USCIS or consular officer assesses marriage bona fides.

  4. 04

    Remove conditions (CR1)

    File I-751 within 90 days before the 2-year conditional card expires.

Official application links

Where to actually go next

Government links only

These are the official pages to use for this route. Open them before preparing documents: the forms, fees, appointment systems, and sponsor steps can change without warning.

  1. ApplySponsor
    File Form I-130 ↗

    The U.S. citizen or permanent resident spouse uses Form I-130 to establish the qualifying family relationship.

    U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services · verified 24 May 2026

Fees and processing time

Indicative government fees: I-130 USD 675 (paper) / USD 625 (online); DS-260 USD 325 (consular); I-485 USD 1,440 (adjustment); I-751 USD 750.. A decision then typically takes 7 months – 2.5 years. Both change over time, so the dedicated pages below carry the itemised breakdown and the current official figures.

  • Processing time detail

    Current decision windows from the issuing authority.

Also explored by

🇮🇳 Indian🇨🇳 Chinese🇷🇺 Russian

Compare United States of America with

  • 🇬🇱 Greenland (self-governing territory within the Kingdom of Denmark)
  • 🇨🇰 Cook Islands (self-governing country in free association with New Zealand)
  • 🇨🇦 Canada

Related routes

  • K-1 Fiancé(e) of US Citizen

    Non-immigrant visa allowing the fiancé(e) of a US citizen to enter the US to marry within 90 days and then apply for a green card.

Frequently asked questions

Is the F2A category current?+−

F2A for spouses of permanent residents has mostly been current in recent years, meaning visa numbers are generally available. Priority-date movement can still change — always check the latest Department of State visa bulletin.

What income do I need to sponsor my spouse for a green card?+−

The financial sponsor must meet the I-864 Affidavit of Support income threshold of 125% of the Federal Poverty Guidelines. If the sponsor's income is below the threshold, a qualifying joint sponsor may be needed. The I-864 is provided with tax returns as evidence.

Why might my spouse get a 2-year conditional green card, and how does it become permanent?+−

For newer marriages, the CR1 category grants a 2-year conditional green card. To convert it to a 10-year card, the couple files Form I-751 to remove conditions within the 90 days before the conditional card expires.

How long does the CR1/IR1 spousal green card take to process?+−

For spouses abroad, IR1/CR1 consular processing takes roughly 12 to 18 months. For spouses already inside the US, adjustment of status typically takes 8 to 15 months. Timelines vary, so check the official USCIS source.

Need tailored advice?

We do not provide legal advice. For an application that depends on your exact circumstances, consult a regulator-listed immigration advisor.

Find a regulated advisor in United States

How we verified this

We check every figure on this page against the primary government source, record the date it was last checked, and re-check it on a regular schedule. Rules change, so always confirm time-sensitive details with the official source before you rely on them. Visa Atlas is an information-only publication and does not give legal advice.

Primary source: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

Last checked: 1 June 2026

See the full evidence trail and methodology

This is not legal advice

We publish neutral, sourced information about immigration routes. Rules and thresholds change often — always verify details on the official government source linked on this page and consult a regulated immigration advisor before applying.

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