Original research - 1 July 2026

Skilled Migration Accessibility Index 2026

A 2026 planning-accessibility index scoring tracked skilled migration routes by cost, funds, salary floor, processing-clock transparency, sponsor requirement, settlement path and source freshness.

The score measures planning friction in tracked data, not whether a route is the right route for a person. It is not legal advice and not a prediction of individual outcome, eligibility, or deadline.

By Sam Parks, Editor and lead researcher.

30

Scored routes

62.3/100

Average score

11

No sponsor required

24

Settlement-path routes

Key findings

  • 2 tracked routes score as more accessible planning profiles, combining lower applicant cost, lower salary or funds exposure, sponsor flexibility and stronger clock transparency.
  • 20 routes have a route-specific salary or income threshold mapped into the score, while 28 routes connect to the processing-time reliability index.
  • The median tracked route has about $2,146 in mandatory non-refundable cost after approximate USD normalisation.
  • Every row links back to the source datasets for cost-to-complete, processing reliability, salary thresholds and visa route metadata.

Lowest-friction planning profiles

  • Canada: Express Entry — Canadian Experience Class (CEC)

    $1,458-$2,111 sunk cost; no mapped salary floor

    85/100

    More accessible planning profile

  • Canada: Express Entry — Federal Skilled Worker (FSW)

    $1,598-$2,146 sunk cost; no mapped salary floor

    85/100

    More accessible planning profile

  • United Kingdom: Health and Care Worker visa

    $428-$587 sunk cost; £25,000

    79/100

    Balanced planning profile

  • Germany: Chancenkarte (Germany Opportunity Card)

    $628-$1,270 sunk cost; no headline salary floor

    77/100

    Balanced planning profile

  • Australia: Skilled Independent visa (subclass 189)

    $5,166-$5,995 sunk cost; no mapped salary floor

    75/100

    Balanced planning profile

Highest-friction planning profiles

  • United States: H-1B Specialty Occupation

    $3,595 sunk cost; us$62,000

    27/100

    High-friction planning profile

  • Singapore: S Pass

    $12,669-$14,059 sunk cost; no mapped salary floor

    32/100

    High-friction planning profile

  • Australia: Skills in Demand visa (subclass 482)

    $7,149-$9,184 sunk cost; a$79,423

    38/100

    High-friction planning profile

  • Netherlands: Highly Skilled Migrant (Kennismigrant)

    $2,408-$3,313 sunk cost; €3,122

    45/100

    High-friction planning profile

  • Australia: Employer Nomination Scheme (subclass 186)

    $7,229-$8,988 sunk cost; a$79,423

    47/100

    High-friction planning profile

Methodology

A source-linked 2026 index scoring tracked skilled and skilled-adjacent migration routes by planning accessibility: sunk cost, proof-of-funds exposure, salary floor, processing-clock transparency, sponsor requirement, settlement path and source freshness.

ComponentMaxWhat it rewards
sunkCost20Lower mandatory non-refundable applicant cost scores higher, using approximate USD only for cross-currency ordering.
refundableFunds15Lower proof-of-funds, blocked-account or settlement-funds exposure scores higher; no tracked refundable requirement receives full points.
salaryFloor15Lower route-specific salary or income floors score higher. Routes with no tracked floor receive high credit; missing salary mapping receives partial credit.
processingReliability20Uses one fifth of the processing-time planning reliability score, rewarding more transparent official decision clocks.
sponsorFlexibility15Unsponsored routes score higher because applicants can plan without first obtaining a licensed employer or sponsor.
settlementPath10Routes that can lead to settlement or permanent residence score higher for long-term planning accessibility.
sourceFreshness5Rows whose oldest underlying source review is within 45 days of the index version receive full data-confidence credit.

Full index

Scores are sorted from lower-friction planning profiles to higher-friction profiles. Approximate USD values are for cross-currency ordering only; local-currency source pages remain authoritative.

RouteScoreCost exposureSalary and processingSponsor and settlement
Canada: Express Entry — Canadian Experience Class (CEC)Cost model85More accessible planning profileSunk: $1,458-$2,111Local: CA$2,075-CA$3,005Funds: None trackedNo mapped salary floor7 monthsNo sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Canada: Express Entry — Federal Skilled Worker (FSW)Cost model85More accessible planning profileSunk: $1,598-$2,146Local: CA$2,275-CA$3,055Funds: $10,722No mapped salary floor7 monthsNo sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
United Kingdom: Health and Care Worker visaCost model79Balanced planning profileSunk: $428-$587Local: £324-£444Funds: $1,679£25,000Salary thresholds3 weeksSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Germany: Chancenkarte (Germany Opportunity Card)Cost model77Balanced planning profileSunk: $628-$1,270Local: €551-€1,115Funds: $14,917No headline salary floorSalary thresholdsNot centrally publishedNo sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Australia: Skilled Independent visa (subclass 189)Cost model75Balanced planning profileSunk: $5,166-$5,995Local: A$7,501-A$8,705Funds: None trackedNo mapped salary floor50%: 7 months; 90%: 8 monthsNo sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Sweden: Work Permit (Arbetstillstånd)Cost model73Balanced planning profileSunk: $226-$329Local: SEK 2,200-SEK 3,200Funds: $42,484SEK 28,725Salary thresholds4 weeks – 2 monthsSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Austria: Red-White-Red Card (Rot-Weiß-Rot-Karte)Cost model73Balanced planning profileSunk: $260-$414Local: €228-€363Funds: None trackedNo headline salary floorSalary thresholdsNot centrally publishedSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 27 June 2026
Finland: Residence permit for a specialistCost model70Balanced planning profileSunk: $615-$746Local: €540-€655Funds: $4,486€3,937Salary thresholdsNo mapped processing clockSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Norway: Skilled Worker Residence Permit (Oppholdstillatelse som faglaert)Cost model70Balanced planning profileSunk: $635-$836Local: NOK 6,300-NOK 8,300Funds: None trackedNo headline salary floorSalary thresholdsNot centrally publishedSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
United Kingdom: Skilled Worker visaCost model70Balanced planning profileSunk: $5,188-$5,347Local: £3,924-£4,044Funds: $1,679£33,400Salary thresholds3 weeksSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 30 June 2026
Portugal: D8 visa (digital nomad / remote work)Cost model69Balanced planning profileSunk: $479-$1,185Local: €420-€1,040Funds: $12,579€44,160Salary thresholdsNot centrally publishedNo sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Canada: Express Entry — Federal Skilled Trades (FST)Cost model68Balanced planning profileSunk: $1,458-$2,813Local: CA$2,075-CA$4,005Funds: $10,722No mapped salary floorNot centrally publishedNo sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
New Zealand: Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV)Cost model67Balanced planning profileSunk: $1,732-$2,447Local: NZ$3,060-NZ$4,325Funds: None trackedNo headline salary floorSalary thresholdsImmigration New Zealand lists Accredited Employer Work Visa worker applications at 80% within 8 weeks.Sponsor requiredNo settlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Singapore: Employment Pass (EP)Cost model66Balanced planning profileSunk: $255Local: SGD 330Funds: $51,896-$57,457SGD 5,600Salary thresholds10 days – 2 weeksSponsor requiredNo settlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Germany: EU Blue Card (Germany)Cost model65Balanced planning profileSunk: $211-$404Local: €185-€355Funds: None tracked€45,934Salary thresholdsNot centrally publishedSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
New Zealand: Skilled Migrant Category Resident VisaCost model64Complex planning profileSunk: $3,853-$5,050Local: NZ$6,810-NZ$8,925Funds: $41,194-$61,791NZ$35Salary thresholdsImmigration New Zealand snapshot checked 10 September 2026: 80% of Skilled Migrant Category applications completed within 4 months, with a 9.5-week average wait.No sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Canada: Provincial Nominee Program (PNP)Cost model63Complex planning profileSunk: $2,652-$3,200Local: CA$3,775-CA$4,555Funds: $10,722No mapped salary floorNot centrally publishedNo sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Australia: Skilled Nominated visa (subclass 190)Cost model62Complex planning profileSunk: $5,169-$6,205Local: A$7,506-A$9,010Funds: None trackedNo mapped salary floorNot centrally publishedNo sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Australia: Skilled Work Regional (Provisional) visa (subclass 491)Cost model62Complex planning profileSunk: $5,169-$6,205Local: A$7,506-A$9,010Funds: None trackedNo mapped salary floorNot centrally publishedNo sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
United States: TN USMCA Professionals (Canada & Mexico)Cost model60Complex planning profileSunk: $80Local: US$80Funds: None trackedNo mapped salary floorNot centrally publishedSponsor requiredNo settlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Ireland: Critical Skills Employment PermitCost model60Complex planning profileSunk: $1,481-$1,732Local: €1,300-€1,520Funds: None tracked€40,904Salary thresholdsDETE’s page, published as at 04 September 2026, listed Critical Skills Employment Permit applications received on 26 August 2026. That 9-day difference is a queue-position snapshot, not a decision-time estimate.Sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 22 June 2026
Spain: Digital Nomad Visa (Spain)Cost model60Complex planning profileSunk: $737-$1,911Local: €647.02-€1,677.02Funds: $38,954€34,188Salary thresholdsNot centrally publishedNo sponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Denmark: Pay Limit Scheme (Beloebsordningen)Cost model53Complex planning profileSunk: $1,038-$1,114Local: DKK 6,810-DKK 7,310Funds: $84,147DKK 552,000Salary thresholds4 weeks – 3 monthsSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
United States: O-1 Individuals with Extraordinary Ability or AchievementCost model53Complex planning profileSunk: $1,655-$2,155Local: US$1,655-US$2,155Funds: None trackedNo mapped salary floorNot centrally publishedSponsor requiredNo settlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
France: Talent Passport — Salaried Employee (Passeport Talent Salarié)Cost model51Complex planning profileSunk: $408-$553Local: €358-€485Funds: $45,100€39,582Salary thresholdsNot centrally publishedSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Australia: Employer Nomination Scheme (subclass 186)Cost model47High-friction planning profileSunk: $7,229-$8,988Local: A$10,496-A$13,050Funds: $54,699A$79,423Salary thresholdsDirect Entry Pathway: 50% 13 Months; 90% 21 Months | Agreement Pathway: 50% 58 Days; 90% 12 Months | Transition Pathway: 50% 14 Months; 90% 22 MonthsSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Netherlands: Highly Skilled Migrant (Kennismigrant)Cost model45High-friction planning profileSunk: $2,408-$3,313Local: €2,113-€2,908Funds: $42,686-$81,244€3,122Salary thresholdsNot centrally publishedSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Australia: Skills in Demand visa (subclass 482)Cost model38High-friction planning profileSunk: $7,149-$9,184Local: A$10,381-A$13,335Funds: $54,699A$79,423Salary thresholdsNot centrally publishedSponsor requiredSettlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
Singapore: S PassCost model32High-friction planning profileSunk: $12,669-$14,059Local: SGD 16,405-SGD 18,205Funds: $30,582-$35,215No mapped salary floorNo mapped processing clockSponsor requiredNo settlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026
United States: H-1B Specialty OccupationCost model27High-friction planning profileSunk: $3,595Local: US$3,595Funds: $62,000-$150,000US$62,000Salary thresholdsNot centrally publishedSponsor requiredNo settlement path trackedOldest source: 1 July 2026

Limits

  • This is a planning-accessibility index, not a route recommendation and not a prediction of individual outcome, eligibility, or deadline.
  • The index covers tracked Visa Atlas cost-to-complete models, not every immigration route in each destination.
  • A high score means lower planning friction in the tracked dimensions; applicants still need to meet the route rules and source documents.

Cite or reuse this dataset

This index is free to reuse under CC BY 4.0. Cite this report for the scoring methodology, the JSON endpoint for the derived rows, and the listed sources for the underlying route, cost, salary and processing records.

Suggested citation

Visa Atlas, "Visa Atlas skilled-migration planning accessibility index", https://visaatlas.org/research/skilled-migration-accessibility-index-2026. Last verified 1 July 2026.

Page
https://visaatlas.org/research/skilled-migration-accessibility-index-2026
JSON endpoint
https://visaatlas.org/api/public/skilled-migration-accessibility

Primary sources (166)