Family and partner visas — joining a spouse, partner, or parent abroad
Family routes allow joining a citizen or permanent resident sponsor in the destination. They cover spouses, civil and de-facto partners, dependent children, and — in some jurisdictions — parents and extended family. Rules on minimum-income requirements for the sponsor vary widely.
Typical characteristics
- Genuine-relationship evidence is a central test.
- Most destinations require a minimum-income test on the sponsor.
- Most routes lead to permanent residence after 2–5 years.
- Parent sponsorship (Canada, Australia) typically requires higher income thresholds or lottery entry.
What family visa routes does Visa Atlas cover?
Visa Atlas covers 147 family routes across 133 destinations. Residence routes for spouses, partners, children, and (in some cases) parents.
Verified against UK Home Office on 1 June 2026.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland(1 route)
Republic of Ireland(1 route)
Federal Republic of Germany(1 route)
Portuguese Republic(1 route)
Kingdom of Spain(1 route)
Kingdom of the Netherlands(1 route)
Canada(1 route)
Commonwealth of Australia(1 route)
United States of America(2 routes)
K-1 Fiancé(e) of US Citizen
Non-immigrant visa allowing the fiancé(e) of a US citizen to enter the US to marry within 90 days and then apply for a green card.
Spouse of US Citizen or Green Card Holder (IR1/CR1 & F2A)
Permanent residence for the spouse of a US citizen (IR1/CR1) or lawful permanent resident (F2A preference).
Republic of Singapore(1 route)
New Zealand(1 route)
French Republic(1 route)
Swiss Confederation(1 route)
Republic of Korea(1 route)
Republic of Austria(1 route)
Kingdom of Denmark(1 route)
United Mexican States(1 route)
Federative Republic of Brazil(1 route)
Argentine Republic(1 route)
Republic of Chile(1 route)
Oriental Republic of Uruguay(1 route)
Republic of South Africa(1 route)
Republic of Kenya(1 route)
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China(1 route)
Kingdom of Thailand(1 route)
State of Qatar(1 route)
State of Israel(1 route)
Republic of Türkiye(1 route)
Republic of Indonesia(1 route)
Republic of the Philippines(1 route)
Socialist Republic of Vietnam(1 route)
Republic of Colombia(1 route)
Republic of Costa Rica(1 route)
Republic of Panama(1 route)
Arab Republic of Egypt(1 route)
Republic of Ghana(1 route)
Kingdom of Bahrain(1 route)
Sultanate of Oman(1 route)
Georgia(1 route)
Republic of Croatia(1 route)
Hungary(1 route)
Republic of Serbia(1 route)
People's Republic of China(1 route)
Republic of Bulgaria(1 route)
Romania(1 route)
Republic of Armenia(1 route)
Republic of Albania(1 route)
Kingdom of Morocco(1 route)
Republic of Botswana(2 routes)
Residence Permit - Spouse of a Botswana Citizen
For the foreign husband or wife of a Botswana citizen: this category of the residence permit lets you live in Botswana on the basis of your marriage, and it can place you on the path toward longer-term settlement.
Residence Permit - Dependants
For dependent family members of someone living in Botswana: this category of the residence permit lets dependants, including younger adults (18-25) and older relatives (65+), reside on the basis of their sponsor, applied for through the Department of Immigration and Citizenship.
Republic of Kazakhstan(1 route)
Republic of Uzbekistan(1 route)
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal(1 route)
Montenegro(1 route)
Republic of Moldova(1 route)
Republic of Slovenia(1 route)
Republic of Peru(1 route)
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan(1 route)
Republic of Fiji(1 route)
Jamaica(1 route)
Republic of Azerbaijan(1 route)
Republic of Trinidad and Tobago(2 routes)
Residence as Spouse of a Citizen or Resident
For people married to a Trinidad and Tobago citizen or resident: this is the family route to residence, based on your marriage rather than on time in the country.
Residence as a Sponsored Parent or Grandparent
For parents and grandparents of a Trinidad and Tobago citizen or resident: this family route lets your son, daughter or grandchild sponsor you for residence in the country.
Iceland(1 route)
Republic of Lithuania(1 route)
Belize(1 route)
Republic of Guatemala(1 route)
Republic of Latvia(1 route)
Slovak Republic(1 route)
Republic of Vanuatu(1 route)
Mongolia(1 route)
State of Kuwait(1 route)
Brunei Darussalam(1 route)
Principality of Liechtenstein(1 route)
Republic of Seychelles(1 route)
Principality of Andorra(1 route)
Islamic Republic of Pakistan(1 route)
People's Republic of Bangladesh(1 route)
Republic of Uganda(1 route)
Republic of Maldives(3 routes)
Marriage Visa
Visa for a foreign national married to a Maldivian to remain in the Maldives.
Dependent Visa
Visa for immediate family members of expatriates in professional categories working in the Maldives.
Sponsorship Declaration
Pre-arrival sponsorship approval for bringing a foreign national to the Maldives for visiting, dependency or approved reasons.
Republic of San Marino(1 route)
Bosnia and Herzegovina(1 route)
Republic of North Macedonia(1 route)
Republic of Lebanon(2 routes)
Republic of Cabo Verde(2 routes)
Republic of Zambia(1 route)
Republic of Zimbabwe(1 route)
Ukraine(1 route)
Republic of Kosovo(1 route)
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria(1 route)
Republic of Tunisia(1 route)
Plurinational State of Bolivia(1 route)
Republic of Suriname(1 route)
Republic of Cote d'Ivoire(2 routes)
Spouse Resident Card
Resident-card route for a foreign spouse supported by a spouse in Cote d'Ivoire, using ONECI and Service Public evidence guidance.
Child Resident Card
ONECI resident-card procedure for a foreign child under 16, based on parental or guardian evidence and school or student documentation.
Republic of Cameroon(1 route)
Gabonese Republic(1 route)
Republic of Honduras(1 route)
Republic of Cuba(1 route)
Islamic Republic of Iran(1 route)
Republic of Belarus(1 route)
Kingdom of Lesotho(1 route)
Republic of Madagascar(1 route)
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela(1 route)
Kingdom of Eswatini(1 route)
Kingdom of Bhutan(1 route)
Solomon Islands(1 route)
Aruba (country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands)(1 route)
Bailiwick of Guernsey (British Crown Dependency)(1 route)
Curacao (country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands)(1 route)
Sint Maarten (country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands)(1 route)
Faroe Islands (self-governing territory within the Kingdom of Denmark)(2 routes)
Greenland (self-governing territory within the Kingdom of Denmark)(2 routes)
Cook Islands (self-governing country in free association with New Zealand)(4 routes)
Resident Spouse Permit
Cook Islands family residence category for spouses using MFAI resident-spouse criteria.
Special Spouse Permit
Cook Islands spouse-related permit category for cases that MFAI treats separately from ordinary resident-spouse handling.
International Child Permit
Cook Islands status category for international children who need local permission to stay.
Resident Child Permit
Cook Islands family-residence status category for resident children.
American Samoa (United States territory)(1 route)
Puerto Rico (United States territory)(1 route)
United States Virgin Islands (United States territory)(1 route)
Guam (United States territory)(1 route)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (United States territory)(1 route)
Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe(1 route)
Reunion (French overseas department and region)(1 route)
Mayotte (French overseas department and region)(1 route)
French Guiana (French overseas department and region)(1 route)
Guadeloupe (French overseas department and region)(1 route)
Martinique (French overseas department and region)(1 route)
Saint Martin (French overseas collectivity)(1 route)
Saint Barthelemy (French overseas collectivity)(1 route)
French Polynesia (French overseas collectivity)(1 route)
New Caledonia (French sui generis collectivity)(1 route)
Wallis and Futuna (French overseas collectivity)(1 route)
State of Palestine(1 route)
Independent State of Samoa(1 route)
Federated States of Micronesia(1 route)
Republic of Nauru(2 routes)
Republic of Guinea(1 route)
State of Libya(1 route)
Frequently asked questions
How many family visa routes are there across these destinations?+
We cover 147 family routes across 133 of our 233 destinations. Residence routes for spouses, partners, children, and (in some cases) parents.
Which countries offer family visas?+
Among our destinations, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland, Federal Republic of Germany, Portuguese Republic, Kingdom of Spain, Kingdom of the Netherlands, Canada, Commonwealth of Australia, United States of America, Republic of Singapore, New Zealand, French Republic, Swiss Confederation, Republic of Korea, Republic of Austria, Kingdom of Denmark, United Mexican States, Federative Republic of Brazil, Argentine Republic, Republic of Chile, Oriental Republic of Uruguay, Republic of South Africa, Republic of Kenya, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, Kingdom of Thailand, State of Qatar, State of Israel, Republic of Türkiye, Republic of Indonesia, Republic of the Philippines, Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Republic of Colombia, Republic of Costa Rica, Republic of Panama, Arab Republic of Egypt, Republic of Ghana, Kingdom of Bahrain, Sultanate of Oman, Georgia, Republic of Croatia, Hungary, Republic of Serbia, People's Republic of China, Republic of Bulgaria, Romania, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Albania, Kingdom of Morocco, Republic of Botswana, Republic of Kazakhstan, Republic of Uzbekistan, Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, Montenegro, Republic of Moldova, Republic of Slovenia, Republic of Peru, Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Republic of Fiji, Jamaica, Republic of Azerbaijan, Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, Iceland, Republic of Lithuania, Belize, Republic of Guatemala, Republic of Latvia, Slovak Republic, Republic of Vanuatu, Mongolia, State of Kuwait, Brunei Darussalam, Principality of Liechtenstein, Republic of Seychelles, Principality of Andorra, Islamic Republic of Pakistan, People's Republic of Bangladesh, Republic of Uganda, Republic of Maldives, Republic of San Marino, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republic of North Macedonia, Republic of Lebanon, Republic of Cabo Verde, Republic of Zambia, Republic of Zimbabwe, Ukraine, Republic of Kosovo, People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, Republic of Tunisia, Plurinational State of Bolivia, Republic of Suriname, Republic of Cote d'Ivoire, Republic of Cameroon, Gabonese Republic, Republic of Honduras, Republic of Cuba, Islamic Republic of Iran, Republic of Belarus, Kingdom of Lesotho, Republic of Madagascar, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Kingdom of Eswatini, Kingdom of Bhutan, Solomon Islands, Aruba (country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands), Bailiwick of Guernsey (British Crown Dependency), Curacao (country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands), Sint Maarten (country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands), Faroe Islands (self-governing territory within the Kingdom of Denmark), Greenland (self-governing territory within the Kingdom of Denmark), Cook Islands (self-governing country in free association with New Zealand), American Samoa (United States territory), Puerto Rico (United States territory), United States Virgin Islands (United States territory), Guam (United States territory), Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (United States territory), Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe, Reunion (French overseas department and region), Mayotte (French overseas department and region), French Guiana (French overseas department and region), Guadeloupe (French overseas department and region), Martinique (French overseas department and region), Saint Martin (French overseas collectivity), Saint Barthelemy (French overseas collectivity), French Polynesia (French overseas collectivity), New Caledonia (French sui generis collectivity), Wallis and Futuna (French overseas collectivity), State of Palestine, Independent State of Samoa, Federated States of Micronesia, Republic of Nauru, Republic of Guinea, State of Libya have family routes. Open any country group above for its specific routes and official sources.