Family and partner visas — joining a spouse, partner, or parent abroad
Family routes allow joining a citizen or permanent resident sponsor in the destination. They cover spouses, civil and de-facto partners, dependent children, and — in some jurisdictions — parents and extended family. Rules on minimum-income requirements for the sponsor vary widely.
Typical characteristics
- Genuine-relationship evidence is a central test.
- Most destinations require a minimum-income test on the sponsor.
- Most routes lead to permanent residence after 2–5 years.
- Parent sponsorship (Canada, Australia) typically requires higher income thresholds or lottery entry.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland(1 route)
Republic of Ireland(1 route)
Federal Republic of Germany(1 route)
Portuguese Republic(1 route)
Kingdom of Spain(1 route)
Kingdom of the Netherlands(1 route)
Canada(1 route)
Commonwealth of Australia(1 route)
United States of America(2 routes)
K-1 Fiancé(e) of US Citizen
Non-immigrant visa allowing the fiancé(e) of a US citizen to enter the US to marry within 90 days and then apply for a green card.
Spouse of US Citizen or Green Card Holder (IR1/CR1 & F2A)
Permanent residence for the spouse of a US citizen (IR1/CR1) or lawful permanent resident (F2A preference).